Aplicação do geoprocessamento na modelagem da erosão na microbacia hidrográfica do rio Ribeirão Dourados

Abstract

Resumo: Neste trabalho utilizou-se ferramentas de geoprocessamento para estimar a perda de solo laminar anual na Microbacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Dourados (MHRD), norte do Paraná, através do modelo empírico Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), gerando os fatores através de mapas, sendo estes Mapa de Comprimento de Rampa e Declive –fator LS-; Mapa de uso e ocupação do solo e práticas conservacionistas –fator CP -; Mapa de erodibilidade dos solos - fator K -; Mapa de Erosividade da chuva – fator R -. A perda de solo na MHRD em sua maioria, ficou em torno de 1 ton/ha.ano, as maiores perdas de solo foram influenciadas sob áreas compostas por solo Neossolo Reogolítico eutróficos (RRe) e cultivados com pastagens

Abstract: This study applied geoprocessing tools to estimate the annual sheet soil loss in the Ribeirão Dourados Watershed (RDW), located in northern Paraná, Brazil, using the empirical model Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). The RUSLE factors were spatially derived and mapped, including slope length and steepness (LS), land use/land cover and conservation practices (CP), soil erodibility (K), and rainfall erosivity (R). The results indicated that most of the watershed presented soil loss values around 1 t ha?¹ year?¹. The highest soil loss rates were associated with areas dominated by Eutrophic Regolithic Neosols (RRe) and occupied by pastureland, highlighting the combined influence of soil properties and land use on erosion susceptibility. Overall, the spatial modeling approach proved useful for identifying erosion-prone zones and supporting soil and water conservation planning at the microwatershed scale